magnetic compass and magnetic compass

Magnetic compass and magnetic compass are two different names. They refer to the same instrument, that is, an instrument that uses a magnetic needle to point to the magnetic north pole under the action of the earth's magnetic field. It is used to determine heading, object orientation, and sun orientation. The magnetic compass is the development and improvement of the compass, one of the four great inventions of ancient China, and an important contribution to the history of navigation.

The main uses of the magnetic compass are as follows:

It is used to determine the heading of the ship, that is, the azimuth angle of the bow of the ship relative to the magnetic north pole, also known as the magnetic heading. During navigation, ships need to choose the appropriate course based on information such as charts, routes, and tracks to ensure the safety and efficiency of navigation.

It is used to observe the azimuth of the object target, that is, the azimuth angle of the object target relative to the bow of the ship, also called the magnetic azimuth. Object markers refer to various markers on the sea, such as lighthouses, buoys, ships, etc., which can help ships determine their position and navigation direction.

It is used to determine the azimuth of the sun, that is, the azimuth angle of the sun relative to the bow of the ship, also called the magnetic sun azimuth. The orientation of the sun can be used to calculate the altitude angle of the sun, which is then used for celestial navigation, which uses the position and time of celestial bodies to determine the position of the ship.

The structure of the magnetic compass mainly consists of a compass cabinet and a compass basin. There is a compass card with a magnetic needle in the compass basin. The compass card is engraved with scales from 0° to 359°, indicating different azimuth angles.

Magnetic compasses can be divided into dry compasses and liquid compasses according to their structures. They can be divided into standard compasses, steering compasses, emergency compasses according to their uses. The errors of magnetic compasses mainly include magnetic variation and self-difference, both of which will affect the accuracy of the magnetic compass. accuracy and reliability

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