locator and navigator

The difference between positioning instruments and navigation instruments on a ship is that they are two distinct types of maritime equipment with different functions and principles.

Shipborne positioning instruments are used to determine the ship's coordinates on the Earth's surface or to independently ascertain the precise location of the ship without reference to any pre-existing position benchmarks. They have two implications: one is positioning using navigational instruments, such as GPS, Beidou, and other satellite navigation systems; the other is dynamic positioning technology, which employs an automatic control system to enable a vessel or floating platform to use its own propulsion to counteract the effects of wind, waves, and currents at sea, automatically positioning and maintaining itself at a set location or heading.

Shipborne navigation instruments, on the other hand, are used to guide the ship's voyage. They provide information such as the ship's heading, speed, track, and destination, as well as surrounding information about other vessels, hydrographic and meteorological conditions, to assist in safe and efficient navigation. There are various types of navigation instruments, including radar, AIS (Automatic Identification System), VTS (Vessel Traffic Service), electronic charts, compasses, depth sounders, tide tables, etc. These can work in conjunction with each other to form an integrated navigation system.

The distinction between shipborne positioning instruments and navigation instruments is that the positioning instruments primarily determine the ship's location, while navigation instruments mainly guide the ship's voyage. Positioning instruments are an essential component of navigation instruments but not the entirety; navigation instruments also include other instruments and information.

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